Acid Tolerance in Streptococcus mutans
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A 14 page discussion of the physiological mechanism employed by this species of oral bacteria which allow it to exist in the rapidly fluctuating pH levels of the human mouth. The author details how the cellular membrane of the organism is critical in this process, selectively allowing protons to pass out of the cell and preventing them from passing into the cell. This ability allows S. mutans a selective advantage. Acidogenicity (the ability to generate acid) and acidurance (the ability to function in an acidic environment) are the primary physiological traits of this organism which make it such an important factor in the production of dental caries as well. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPstrept.rtf

Acritarch Radiation in The Neoproterozoic
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This page paper looks at the evolution of the acritarch as evidenced by the fossil record and seeks to explain the sudden changes that took place over a period of fifteen million years during the Neoproterozoic, which long lasting implications into the Cambrian period. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEacritar.rtf

Action And Physical Properties Of Magma
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An 8 page paper discussing the origin, movement and physical attributes of the substance that is known as lava once it exits its volcano. Formed under intense heat (up to 4300C) and pressure, magma has no choice but to rise. The absolute chemical composition varies according to location on the earth's surface, and chemical changes in the magma as it moves toward the surface opening it seeks can span a range of changes as minerals are precipitated out of the magma and sink downward through it again. Regrettably, old mudflows of prior eruptions appear to many to be good homesites as builders populate the paths of former mudflow channels with homes in the shadow of still-active volcanoes. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Magma.wps

Activation of Auditory Cortex During Silent Lipreading
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A 2 1/2 page paper which discusses various aspects of the article "Activation of the Auditory Cortex During Silent Lipreading" by Gemma A. Calvert, Edward T. Bullmore, Michael J. Brammer, Ruth Campbell, Steven C. R. Williams, Philip K. McGuire, Peter W. R. Woodruff, Susan D. Iverson, and Anthony S. David. The paper analyzes the argument, the evidence, and the reasoning presented in the research article. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAliprfax.wps

Active Volcanoes On The Planet Venus
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A 2 page paper on findings from the early 1990's which show a number of geologic activities on the Earth's "twin" planet Venus,-- including live volcanoes and dramatic faulting. It is concluded that while the "case" of active volcanoes on Venus has not yet been entirely settled, there is indeed plenty of room for future research. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Venusact.wps

Adarand v. Pena
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the Supreme Court case of Adarand v. Pena. The case of Adarand v. Pena (1995) underscores some of the central arguments both for and against affirmative action initiatives, and provides some insight into the conflicts that have arisen from seeking affirmative action initiatives in particular situations. This case also suggests the underlying reasons for changes in affirmative action policies in recent years. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHAdaran.rtf

Advanced Machining Processes
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A 6 page overview of several types of advanced machining processes, approaches that use non-traditional machining tools for non-traditional machining needs. Types of advanced processes briefly discussed include chemical and electrochemical machining; electrochemical grinding; electrical-discharge machining; laser-beam machining; electron machining; water-jet machining; and abrasive-jet machining. The paper also discusses the economics of these advanced machining processes. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KSmachinProc.rtf

Advances in GIS; The Literature of Paul A Longley
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This 8 page paper is a review of some of the publications by Paul Longley, who is a geographer that has contributed to the development of GIS. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEgispal.wps

Advances In The Science & Technology Of Earthquake Prediction & Protection
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A 5 page paper discussing scientific advancements in the prediction of earthquakes and the means by which technology can assist in minimizing earthquake damage. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: Quakepro.wps

African Sleeping Sickness
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A 5 page overview of African Sleeping Sickness and the Organisms that cause it. The author discusses the manner in which the disease is transmitted, its impact to the body, symptoms and treatment. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPslpSi2.rtf

Ageing
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An overview of the phenomenon of ageing from a biochemical perspective, looking at the programmed and random damage theories and the ways in which these might be approached in order to take into account both genetic and stochastic causes of ageing. Bibliography lists 5 sources
Filename: JLageing.rtf

Agriculture and Genetic Engineering
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of some of the central points regarding the use and abuse of genetic engineering in agriculture. This paper considers the benefits and problems caused by this kind of genetic exploration. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Mbgena5.rtf

Agriculture and its Impact on Financial Institutions
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15 pages. Because of the uncertainty in the agricultural markets there is a definite impact on the lending institutions that service them. There are so many variables in the farming industry that there is no guarantee from year to year that agribusinesses will be able to keep up with loan payments if they have one or more years of losses in a row. There is currently widespread controversy among the agribusinesses and lending institutions on Capitol Hill as to how best to cope with the problem. One such solution would be to privatize lenders dealing with farm loans, and other solutions run the gamut from asking farm lenders to diversify their businesses to suggesting more emergency funding from the government. It is the purpose of this paper to prove that while farm lending can be a risky business it would serve no good purpose and would be unfair to other businesses for government emergency funding to be increased; lending institutions will need to work out ways to deal with the agribusiness risk. Bibliography lists 36 sources.
Filename: JGAagfin.wps

Air Quality, Ozone and Volatile Organic Compounds: An Instructional Project
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of an instructional project on the concepts of air quality, ozone and volatile organic compounds. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MH5scien.rtf

Albert Einstein's Contributions To Mathematics
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A 5 page paper that reports Einstein's first three papers that led to a new perception of the universe, from evidence for the existence of molecules and atoms to his general theory of relativity that led to a new understanding of the universe, including space, time, motion and gravity. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGeins.rtf

Albert Einstein: Life and Accomplishments
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This 5 page paper is a brief overview of the man who is perhaps the greatest scientist of the 20th century, Albert Einstein. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: HVAEnstn.rtf

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