NASCAR: History And Marketing :
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A 14 page paper that provides the history of car racing beginning in the prohibition era. The first actual organized race was held in Daytona Beach in 1938, organized by Bill France who went on to establish the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing. NASCAR was officially established in 1947 with the first race under the bylaws and rules being held in 1948. A lot has changed since those first races. Today, the NASCAR races take place across the country although Daytona Beach is still the headquarters for the organization. This essay traces the history and evolution of NASCAR and comments on the changing demographics of fans over the years. The second part of this essay focuses on marketing strategies used by NASCAR, including partnerships and sponsors. The essay concludes with comments regarding future trends in marketing strategies. Data regarding fans and sponsors are included. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: PGnascar.rtf

Negro League Baseball
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An 18 page paper which examines the effects of Negro league baseball on the African-American community, on the players themselves, and on the white community. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TGnegbb.rtf

NIKE Proposal: Student Exercise Program
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3 pages in length. The students of Temecula's school district have fallen victim to the same outcome as so many other academic populations across the country: The prevalence of poor nutritional choices and sedentary lifestyles has cast them into an ever-growing group of overweight, out of shape youths. In response to this unacceptable reality, Exerseas proposes Project Jump to the health-oriented commitment put forth by Nike, a foremost spokesfigure in the quest for physical and mental wellbeing. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCNIKEProp.rtf

Organized Sports and Gambling
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This 10 page paper provides a history of gambling in organized sports and evaluates the trend. Concepts like point shaving are defined and discussed. Various real life examples over time are relayed. Suggestions for resolving the problem are included. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA612gmb.rtf

Professional Athletes as Role Models: Violence
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A 5 page paper which examines professional athletes as role models as it relates to the problem of violence. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAprovi.rtf

Professional Sports / Japan vs. the United States
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A 5 page essay comparing the professional sports of Japan and the United States. Though almost every Japanese citizen follows their traditional sport of sumo wrestling, the growth of baseball in popularity and following in recent years has led even the Japanese to refer to it as the national sport. Nearly a mirror image of its American counterpart in administrative structure, it has allowed Japan to add another, unexpected, export: professional baseball players to U.S. teams. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Prosport.rtf

Rader's American Sports
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This 8 page paper examines Benjamin Rader's book American Sports. The book delves into history of sport in the United States. The paper focuses on the rise of sport as equated with the rise of cities. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA527R.rtf

Red Sox 5 Game Winning Streak Screaches to a Stop
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(5 pp) Fenway Park, home of the Boston Red Sox, has been goin' strong for over eighty years. Once more it is spring and time to play ball - against the Yankees of course. You mean there is another team? This discussion concerns the Red Sox-- Yankee game of 4/20/2001.
Filename: BBredsox.doc.

Research Article Review: Perceived purposes of sport among recreational participants: The role of competitive dispositions.
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This is a 7 page paper which is a research review of the role of competitive dispositions among recreational sport participants. This paper has 2 sources.
Filename: JHPerc.rtf

Ring Lardner: Life, Experiences and Short Stories
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This is a 5 page paper discussing the life and short stories of Ring Lardner. Ring Lardner (1885-1933) was a columnist and humorist who was well known for his “busher” stories which told of his years as a sports and baseball writer from 1905-1913. Even after he stopped touring with the teams, all based in the Michigan and Chicago areas, Lardner continued to write about the intimate details and distinct colloquial language used by the players in the professional leagues. Several themes within the stories reflect his own life including his love of music, baseball, Michigan and humor. Bibliography list 4 sources.
Filename: TJRingL1.rtf

Seniority System And Professional Football
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4 pages in length. Professional football is not unlike any other large corporation where seniority garners more benefits - both expressed and implied - with each passing year. Such enticements as perks are part and parcel to the big-money component of football; inasmuch as a player is only as good as his talent, its serves as good business sense to use whatever means by which to keep him on the team so the organization continues flowing with money. Players quickly become tangible assets courted by other teams, which makes their value grow even greater with every year they remain in the league, an average which reflects about eight years. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCFootbSenr.rtf

Should Public Money be Used to Subsidize Professional Sports and Sporting Venues?
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This 10 page report discusses the fact that both individuals and city governments who are eager to have a professional sports franchise located in their city list numerous reasons why public dollars should be spent to entice a team to come to town or stay in town -- increased employment opportunities, greater revenue for the city, quality of life considerations for locals, and, of course, civic pride. But the question is whether or not tax dollars should be used to entice teams to locate in a city, build the arena necessary to house the team, or upgrade an arena or park because the team threatens to move elsewhere unless the city does so. In a sense, once the city gets its franchise it is held hostage by it. This paper looks at several sides of the issue. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: BWpubspo.rtf

Small Town Football in West Texas
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5 pages. There is a phenomenon on the rise in small towns throughout the southwest and its name is high school football. Small towns such as Odessa, Texas, depend on high school football to make their city known. This paper looks at the phenomenon to determine why this sport has become the mainstay of the small towns, and why it has grown in popularity like it has. Emphasis is on the west Texas area and Odessa Permian High School football. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JGAodsfb.rtf

Soccer and Baseball in Latin America
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A 17 page paper which examines the history and importance of soccer and baseball in Latin America. The paper also focuses on how important soccer is in Brazil and how important baseball is in Central America. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAsoc.rtf

Soccer as a Type of Nationalism: International Perspectives, Soccer Fans and National Identity
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This is a 20 page paper discussing soccer as a national identity as portrayed by soccer fans in different countries in addition to national pride and political perspectives. Soccer, referred to as football on an international basis, has become one of the most prominent symbols of nationalism within recent years. Whether soccer teams are representing local clubs, national clubs or are competing on an international stage, fans of the clubs are strictly devoted to their teams and identify with them on a national level. Sack and Seljan (2000) write that “a sport such as soccer provides opportunities for thousands of spectators to collectively affirm their commitments to beliefs, values, and myths than underlie their cultural identity”. In addition to the collective of fans at a soccer match, the presence of national flags, symbols, clothing and colors further unite (or divide in some cases) people who previously were strangers in a common bond of fraternity and national identity. Because of this powerful collective feel, it is not surprising then that often soccer matches and tournaments are used as political forums as well. Politically, soccer matches can be used to unite populations under a single cause or divide nations which may have historical differences. Nevertheless, soccer is overall a positive uniting force in a world in which people may often become isolated in their work or home environments. Soccer is the world’s most popular sport and countries all over the world have used soccer as a way to unite, promote, and celebrate their nationalism. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: TJsoccr1.rtf

Sport as the Ultimate Equalizer
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This 7 page paper examines sports in society. What is socially constructed? How can athletes excel when there is discrimination in sports? Various issues are examined as it respects disability, gender and race. The paper supports the notion that sport is one area where life is fair. The other side is discussed in depth as well. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA506spt.rtf

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